Blog
Joe Biden organized prostate cancer with the result of Gleason 9. What does this mean?
May
Former US president Joe Biden was diagnosed with an aggressive form of prostate cancer, which has already spread to his bones.
AND Issued Biden Office Statement On Sunday, she revealed that Biden was diagnosed after urine problems.
Biden’s office said his cancer has a result of nine out of ten. He also said that his cancer “seems to be Hormones sensitivewhich allows for effective management. ”
So what’s the result of Gleason? And what does it mean that cancer is sensitive to hormones?
What is prostate cancer?
Prostate cancer is every cancer that begins with a prostate, part of the male reproductive system. This diminutive turtleneck gland is below the bladder.
Izunna/Shutterstock
Prostate cancer is second most often Cancer in men around the world. In Australia, one in six At the age of 85, prostate cancer was diagnosed.
Some types of prostate cancer are low, they grow very slowly and may not require immediate treatment. Others are very aggressive and can spread to other tissues and organs.
What are the symptoms of prostate cancer?
Early prostate cancers usually do not cause symptoms, and therefore can be challenging to detect.
At later stages, Symptoms of prostate cancer It may include recurrent urination, pain and/or frail stream when urinating, blood in urine/seed, back/pelvic pain and weakening of the legs or feet.
Advanced prostate cancer that spread to the bones can cause pain, fatigue and weight loss.
Read more: How does cancer spread to other parts of the body?
What is the Gleason result?
Gleason’s result is one of the ways to measure the aggressiveness of prostate cancer. It helps doctors categorize prostate cancer in various groups and to choose the right treatment methods.
Down Calculate the Gleason resultClinicists take many tumor samples, called biopsy. To get any sample, there is a diminutive needle tumor and a piece of tissue (usually around 12 millimeters of length) is separated for testing.
Since different tumor regions can have different cancer cells, pathologists choose two different tumor biopsy sections, which they consider to be the best representing the whole tumor.
Then they evaluate each of the two sections with a result from 1 to 5. Class 1 means that cancer cells look very normal, fit cells. Degree 5 means that cancer cells look very abnormal. To get a Gleason’s result of the patient, two grades are added.
Patients with the result of Gleason 6 or less are considered a low risk and may not require immediate treatment.
AND Gleason’s result 8-10 It indicates highly aggressive prostate cancer, which will probably grow quickly.
In Australia, 67.9% of men during the diagnosis have the result of Gleason 7 or less.
This is not the only tool
Gleason’s result is just one tool in which health care workers operate to conduct the diagnosis and treatment of patients.
Other tools They include blood tests for a prostate -specific antigen (a dog, which is often increased in patients with prostate cancer), physical tests (such as digital rectal examination) and tumor imaging (such as through CT, MRI or ultrasound scans).
Although we do not have all information about Biden diagnosis, Gleason’s result of 9 indicates that his cancer is very aggressive.
Ricky Carioti/Pool/AP
What is prostate cancer sensitive to hormones?
Hormones are chemical signals produced by various glands in our body. They are released into the bloodstream and can activate different processes in different cells and tissues.
Hormones are very significant for the normal functioning of our bodies, but some types of cancer also need hormones to grow.
Prostate cancers, which are “sensitive to hormones”, need to grow male sex hormones (also called androgens). Testosterone, which is primarily produced in the testicles, is an example of androgen.
How are hormones sensitive to hormones?
Hormonal therapies Work or reducing androgens levels or by blocking the function of androgens. This can leisurely down and even kill prostate tumors sensitive to hormones, because they depend on androgens due to their continuous growth and survival.
Therapy with androgens deprivation is usually the first hormone therapy with prostate cancer. It aims to reduce the level of androgen produced by the testicles, through surgical or chemical castration.
Other types of hormone therapy, which can also be used in combination with irrogena therapy, include androgen-receptor blockers. These drugs are associated with cellular receptors, blocking the interaction between androgens and cancer cells. This means that cancer cells do not have access to androgens they need to develop.
Read more: Each cancer is unique – why various cancers require different treatment methods and how evolution drives resistance to drugs
Of course, hormones are also necessary for normal body functions, which means that it blocks them side effects. Hormonal prostate cancer therapies usually have side effects such as erectile dysfunction, weight gain, fatigue and osteoporosisWhich causes the bones to become frail and feeble.
Although hormone therapy may not be pleasant, it is an effective treatment option. Prostate crayfish that become Insertic to hormonal therapies They are much more challenging to treat and generally considered incurable.
In addition to hormone therapy, prostate cancer can also be treated with surgery, radiation and chemotherapy – it depends on the patient.
In addition, many recent methods of treatment of prostate cancers are currently tested, including Laser procedures remove cancer cells and Car therapywhich includes the transformation of the patient’s own immune cells into cells fighting cancer.
For patients who Prostate cancer spread to their bonesTreatment is usually aimed at stopping the cancer from further spreading and reducing symptoms.
Biden and his family are now He said he was Review of treatment options.
